Kurongeka kwesilicon simbi kunowanzo kurongedzerwa nezviri mukati meiyo mitatu mikuru tsvina yesimbi, aluminium uye calcium iri musilicon simbi kuumbwa. Zvinoenderana nezviri mukati mesimbi, aluminium uye calcium musimbi silicon, simbi silicon inogona kukamurwa kuita 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 uye mamwe mamakisi akasiyana.
Muindasitiri, simbi silicon inowanzo gadzirwa nekabhoni kuderedzwa kwesilicon dioxide mumavira emagetsi. Chemical reaction equation: SiO2 + 2C → Si + 2CO Kuchena kwesilicon inogadzirwa nenzira iyi i97~98%, iyo inonzi metallic silicon. Zvadaro inonyungudutswa uye yakagadziridzwa, uye tsvina inobviswa neasidhi kuti iwane metallic silicon nekuchena kwe99.7 ~ 99.8%.
Silicon simbi inonyanya kuumbwa nesilicon, saka ine zvinhu zvakafanana nesilicon. Silicon ine maviri allotropes: amorphous silicon uye crystalline silicon. Amorphous silicon ipfumbu-dema uye iri chaizvo microcrystal. Crystalline silicon ine chimiro chekristaro uye semiconductor zvimiro zvedhaimondi, inonyungudika 1410 ℃, inofashaira poindi 2355 ℃, Mohs kuoma 7, brittle. Amorphous silicification inoshanda uye inogona kupisa zvine chisimba muokisijeni. Inopindirana nezvisiri-simbi senge halogens, nitrogen uye kabhoni pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye inogona zvakare kudyidzana nesimbi senge magnesium, calcium uye iron kugadzira silicides. Amorphous silicon inenge isinganyunguriki mune zvese inorganic uye organic acids, kusanganisira hydrofluoric asidhi, asi soluble mune yakasanganiswa asidhi yenitric acid uye hydrofluoric acid. Yakagadziriswa sodium hydroxide mhinduro inogona kunyungudutsa amorphous silicon uye kuburitsa hydrogen. Crystalline silicon haishande, kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya haisanganisi neokisijeni, haina kunyungudika mune chero inorganic uye organic acids, asi inonyungudika munitric acid uye hydrofluoric acid yakasanganiswa asidhi uye yakanyungudika sodium hydroxide mhinduro.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-27-2024
